import turtle

screen = turtle.Screen()
screen.setup(400, 400)
screen.bgcolor('skyblue')

pen = turtle.Turtle()
pen.hideturtle()
pen.speed(0)

def circle(x, y, radius, color):
    pen.penup()
    pen.goto(x, y - radius)
    pen.pendown()
    pen.color(color)
    pen.begin_fill()
    pen.circle(radius)
    pen.end_fill()

def dot(x, y, size, color):
    pen.penup()
    pen.goto(x, y)
    pen.color(color)
    pen.dot(size)

# Draw a face: yellow head with two eyes
circle(0, 0, 80, 'yellow')
dot(-30, 20, 15, 'black')
dot(30, 20, 15, 'black')

screen.mainloop()

_{Project 4 — Step 2 of 5}

⭐ Step 2 — Circles and dots

➡️ Draw a head with two eyes.

For circles, we’ll use our friend pen.circle(radius) from Project 2. For little eyes, pen.dot(size) is quicker.

Let’s wrap both in tiny functions so we can use them by name.

✏️ What to type

After the pen.speed(0) line, add two helper functions and three shape calls:

def circle(x, y, radius, color):
    pen.penup()
    pen.goto(x, y - radius)
    pen.pendown()
    pen.color(color)
    pen.begin_fill()
    pen.circle(radius)
    pen.end_fill()

def dot(x, y, size, color):
    pen.penup()
    pen.goto(x, y)
    pen.color(color)
    pen.dot(size)

circle(0, 0, 80, 'yellow')
dot(-30, 20, 15, 'black')
dot(30, 20, 15, 'black')

import turtle

screen = turtle.Screen()
screen.setup(400, 400)
screen.bgcolor('skyblue')

pen = turtle.Turtle()
pen.hideturtle()
pen.speed(0)

# Add a circle() function and a dot() function here
# Then draw a yellow head and two black eye-dots

screen.mainloop()

Tap ▶ Run. You should see a smiley face starting to form — a yellow head with two black eyes. 👀

🔍 Tip

circle(0, 0, 80, 'yellow') is now a one-line shortcut for “draw an 80-pixel yellow circle centred on (0, 0).” Functions let you turn boring 7-line jobs into 1-line jobs.

Next → Step 3

_{⬅ Back to Step 1}

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_{Adapted from Raspberry Pi Foundation — Make a Face under CC BY-SA 4.0.}